Department of Defense
Orders where directed actors are tied to Department of Defense · 130 in Clinton · 690 all terms.
Roles directed
- Secretary of Defense126
- Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff3
- United States Air Force1
- General Counsel of the Department of Defense1
- Secretaries of the Military Departments1
- Commander of the Army Corps of Engineers1
- Director of Defense Logistics Agency1
- convening authority1
- general court-martial convening authority1
- military judge1
- special court-martial convening authority1
- summary court-martial convening authority1
- officer exercising general court-martial jurisdiction1
- Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works1
- Secretary of the Army1
- Department of Defense1
Orders
130 shown · Clinton
Establishment of the Sonoran Desert National Monument
President Clinton established the 486,149-acre Sonoran Desert National Monument in Arizona under the Antiquities Act to protect biological, scientific, and historic resources. The proclamation imposes off-road vehicle restrictions, phases out grazing south of Interstate 8, withdraws lands from mining and mineral leasing, and assigns management to the Bureau of Land Management with a required management plan.
To Protect the Privacy of Protected Health Information in Oversight Investigations
This executive order restricts law enforcement from using protected health information discovered during health oversight investigations for unrelated civil, administrative, or criminal matters, unless the Deputy Attorney General (or DoD General Counsel for military personnel) authorizes it after determining that public interest clearly outweighs potential harm to patients. It also requires annual reporting to the President on such uses.
Presidential Certification To Waive Application of Restrictions on Assistance to the Government of Serbia and the Government of Montenegro
President Clinton certified to Congress that waiving restrictions on U.S. and international financial assistance to Serbia and Montenegro was necessary to achieve a negotiated settlement in Bosnia-Herzegovina. This waiver, issued December 19, 2000, followed the democratic election of Vojislav Kostunica in Serbia and aimed to support the new government and prevent a return of Milosevic-era forces.
Determination to Authorize the Furnishing of Emergency Military Assistance to the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL), Countries Participating in UNAMSIL, and Other Countries Involved in Peacekeeping Efforts or Affiliated Coalition Operations With Respect to Sierra Leone
President Clinton authorized an emergency drawdown of up to $36 million in defense articles, services, and military training from Department of Defense stocks to support UN peacekeeping forces in Sierra Leone and affiliated coalition operations, citing an unforeseen emergency that could not be addressed under other legal authorities.
National Commission on the Use of Offsets in Defense Trade and President's Council on the Use of Offsets in Commercial Trade
This executive order establishes two advisory bodies to study offsets in international trade: an 11-member National Commission on the Use of Offsets in Defense Trade (mandated by Public Law 106-113) and a parallel President's Council on the Use of Offsets in Commercial Trade. The Commission must report to Congress within 12 months of establishment on foreign offset practices, their impact on U.S. industry and national security, and proposals to reduce detrimental effects; both bodies terminate after the report is transmitted.
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve
This executive order establishes the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve, a 3.5 million-acre marine protected area extending approximately 1,200 nautical miles. It caps commercial and recreational fishing at existing levels, prohibits oil and gas exploration, and creates preservation areas with additional restrictions while allowing Native Hawaiian cultural and subsistence uses. The order directs the Secretary of Commerce to develop an operations plan, establish an advisory council, and initiate the process to designate the Reserve as a national marine sanctuary.
Interagency Task Force on the Economic Development of the Central San Joaquin Valley
This executive order establishes an interagency task force to coordinate federal economic development efforts for California's Central San Joaquin Valley, requiring annual reports for five years and focusing on sustainable growth in seven designated counties. The task force includes 16 agency heads or their designees with a rotating chair among Agriculture, HUD, and Commerce.
Military Drawdown for Tunisia
President Clinton authorized a $4 million drawdown of U.S. defense articles and military education/training from Department of Defense stocks for Tunisia under foreign military financing authority. The Secretary of State was directed to report this to Congress and publish it in the Federal Register.
Determination To Authorize the Furnishing of Emergency Military Assistance to the United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL), Countries Participating in UNAMSIL, and Other Countries Involved in Peacekeeping Efforts or Affiliated Coalition Operations With Respect to Sierra Leone
This presidential determination authorizes up to $18 million in emergency military assistance—drawn from Defense Department stocks, services, and training—to support UN peacekeeping forces in Sierra Leone and coalition partners. It invokes Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act due to an unforeseen emergency that cannot be addressed under other authorities.
Delegation of Authority for Submission of Report Under
This memorandum delegates the President's statutory reporting obligation under section 606 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act to the Secretary of Defense, requiring the Secretary to submit a report to Congress and publish the delegation in the Federal Register.
Delegation of Responsibilities Under Section 1232 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001 (Public Law 106-113)
This memorandum delegates presidential authority under Section 1232 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act to the Secretary of Defense, allowing transfer of War Reserve Allies Stockpile items from Korea and Thailand to those respective countries in exchange for negotiated concessions, with concurrence required from the Secretary of State. The delegation permits redelegation within DOD and requires Federal Register publication.
Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Race, Sex, Color, National Origin, Disability, Religion, Age, Sexual Orientation, and Status as a Parent in Federally Conducted Education and Training Programs
This executive order prohibits discrimination based on race, sex, color, national origin, disability, religion, age, sexual orientation, and parental status in all federally conducted education and training programs. It requires executive agencies to establish complaint procedures, mandates Attorney General-issued implementing regulations, and establishes annual then triennial reporting requirements on complaints and their disposition.
Marine Protected Areas
This executive order establishes a national system of marine protected areas (MPAs) by directing federal agencies to strengthen existing protections, create new MPAs, and coordinate through a new NOAA Marine Protected Area Center. It requires science-based assessments of ecological needs, pollution threats, and economic effects while mandating that agencies avoid harming MPA resources in their activities.
Establishing the Kosovo Campaign Medal
This executive order establishes the Kosovo Campaign Medal to recognize U.S. Armed Forces members who served in Kosovo or contiguous waters/airspace between March 24, 1999, and a future terminal date set by the Secretary of Defense. It allows eligible service members to exchange the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal or Armed Forces Service Medal for the new medal, but prohibits multiple awards for the same Kosovo service.
Global Disaster Information Network
This executive order establishes the Global Disaster Information Network, a coordinated federal effort led by an Interagency Coordinating Committee (co-chaired by the Vice President's office, NOAA, and State Department) to improve how the U.S. government uses information technology to collect and share disaster-related information for domestic and international preparedness, response, and recovery. A Committee Support Office will develop plans and strategies, with NOAA providing administrative and funding support.
Greening the Government Through Leadership in Environmental Management
This executive order directs all federal agencies to integrate environmental accountability into daily operations and long-term planning, setting specific reduction targets for toxic chemical releases (40% by 2006), hazardous waste generation (50% by 2006), and procurement of ozone-depleting substances (phase-out by 2010). It establishes environmental management systems, compliance audit programs, and interagency coordination mechanisms while revoking five earlier environmental executive orders.
Delegation of Authority To Transmit Report on Cooperative Projects With Russia
This memorandum delegates presidential authority under a 1999 appropriations act to the Secretary of Defense for transmitting reports to Congress on U.S.-Russia cooperative projects, requiring concurrence from the Secretary of State and OMB clearance before submission. The authority may be redelegated no lower than the Under Secretary level.
Drawdown Under Section 506(a)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended, To Provide Emergency Disaster Assistance in Southern Africa
President Clinton authorized a drawdown of up to $37.6 million in Defense Department articles and services to provide emergency disaster assistance to Southern Africa, specifically Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Botswana. The determination was made under Section 506(a)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.
President's Council on the Future of Princeville, North Carolina
This executive order establishes an interagency council to develop recommendations for federal actions to help Princeville, North Carolina recover from Hurricane Floyd flooding and plan for its future. The council includes 15 agency heads and presidential assistants, chaired by the OMB Director, and is tasked with considering the town's unique status as the first U.S. city founded by ex-slaves.
Delegation of Authority Under Sections 1402 and 1406 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000 (Public Law 106-65)
President Clinton delegated presidential reporting duties under sections 1402 and 1406 of the FY2000 National Defense Authorization Act to the Secretary of Defense. The memorandum specifies interagency coordination requirements for two classified reports to Congress, with section 1402 addressing proliferation threats and section 1406 addressing weapons of mass destruction, requiring concurrence from State, Commerce, CIA, Treasury, and FBI before submission.
Delegation of Authority Under Section 1401(b) of the
This memorandum delegates presidential authority under Section 1401(b) of the FY2000 National Defense Authorization Act to the Secretary of State, requiring State to obtain concurrence from Defense, Commerce, and the Director of Central Intelligence before submitting a report to Congress. It is a routine interagency procedural delegation with no substantive policy changes.
Delegation of Authority Under Section 1406 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000 (Public Law 106-65)
This memorandum delegates presidential authority under Section 1406 of the FY2000 NDAA to the Secretaries of Energy and Defense, requiring them to jointly prepare a report with assistance from State, Commerce, and the DCI, and to obtain concurrence from those entities before submitting to Congress.
Drawdown Under Section 506(a)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended, To Provide Emergency Disaster Relief Assistance to Venezuela
President Clinton authorized the drawdown of up to $20 million in Defense Department articles and services to provide emergency disaster relief assistance to Venezuela following devastating floods and mudslides in December 1999. The determination directs the Secretaries of State and Defense to execute the transfer and requires congressional notification.
Continuance of Certain Federal Advisory Committees
This executive order extends 16 federal advisory committees until September 30, 2001, revokes several executive orders for completed committees, and makes technical amendments to existing orders including adding the Department of Energy to the President's Export Council, expanding an interagency Coast Guard task force, and updating the structure of committees on arts/humanities and physical fitness.
Improving Health Protection of Military Personnel Participating in Particular Military Operations
This executive order establishes procedures for administering investigational drugs to military personnel during particular military operations when FDA-approved alternatives are unavailable. It creates a detailed waiver process for informed consent requirements under 10 U.S.C. 1107(f), requiring presidential approval, FDA consultation, ongoing monitoring, and congressional notification.
Determination to Authorize the Furnishing of Commodities and Services for the United Nations War Crimes Tribunal Established With Regard to the Former Yugoslavia
President Clinton authorized a drawdown of up to $5 million in Defense Department commodities and services to support the UN War Crimes Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, waiving the statutory ceiling limitation under the Foreign Assistance Act.
Determination to Authorize the Furnishing of Nonlethal Emergency Military Assistance to the States Participating in the Economic Community of West African States' Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) Under Section 506(a)(l) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended
President Clinton authorized a $3 million drawdown of nonlethal defense articles, services, and military training from Department of Defense stocks to support ECOMOG member states (Nigeria, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Mali, and Guinea) for peace restoration efforts in Sierra Leone. The determination was made under emergency authority of the Foreign Assistance Act because the need could not be met under other laws. The Secretary of State was directed to report to Congress and arrange Federal Register publication.
Delegation of Authority Under Section 1304(b)(2) of the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999
President Clinton delegated to the Secretary of Defense the authority under Section 1304(b)(2) of the FY1999 National Defense Authorization Act, with permission to redelegate no lower than the Under Secretary level. This is a routine internal delegation of statutory authority.
Implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Act
This executive order establishes the Department of State as the U.S. National Authority for implementing the Chemical Weapons Convention and its 1998 implementing statute. It assigns interagency coordination, regulatory, inspection, enforcement, and information-disclosure responsibilities across State, Defense, Commerce, Energy, Justice, and other agencies.
Greening the Government Through Efficient Energy Management
This executive order mandates comprehensive energy efficiency and renewable energy goals across all federal agencies, requiring 30-35% reductions in energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by 2005-2010, expanding solar installations, and institutionalizing life-cycle cost analysis, alternative financing mechanisms, and annual reporting to improve federal energy management.
Interagency Task Force on the Economic Development of the Southwest Border
This executive order establishes an interagency task force co-chaired by Treasury, Agriculture, and Labor to coordinate federal economic development efforts for the Southwest Border region (within 150 miles of the U.S.-Mexico border in Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and California). The task force reports to the Vice President and is charged with analyzing programs, developing recommendations, and focusing on pilot communities, with mandatory reports through 2002.
Ordering the Selected Reserve and Certain Individual Ready Reserve Members of the Armed Forces to Active Duty
This executive order authorizes the Secretaries of Defense and Transportation to activate up to 33,000 Selected Reserve and certain Individual Ready Reserve members for operations related to the Kosovo conflict in the former Yugoslavia. It delegates activation and termination authority to the relevant cabinet secretaries without specifying exact units or individuals.
Implementation of the Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998
This executive order implements the 1998 Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act by reorganizing foreign assistance authorities, abolishing the International Development Cooperation Agency (IDCA), elevating the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to an independent agency, and transferring most foreign assistance functions to the Secretary of State. It amends multiple prior executive orders to reflect this restructuring.
Presidential Certification To Waive Prohibition on Assistance to the Republic of Montenegro
President Clinton certified to Congress that waiving a prohibition on U.S. assistance to Montenegro was necessary to achieve a negotiated settlement of the Bosnia-Herzegovina conflict, then waived the restriction under section 1511(b) of Public Law 103-160. The Secretary of Defense was directed to transmit the determination to Congress and arrange Federal Register publication.
Invasive Species
This executive order establishes a federal framework to prevent, control, and minimize the impacts of invasive species on the economy, environment, and human health. It creates an interagency Invasive Species Council co-chaired by the Interior, Agriculture, and Commerce secretaries, mandates federal agencies to integrate invasive species prevention into their activities, and requires development of a national management plan with biennial updates.
Using Technology To Improve Training Opportunities for Federal Government Employees
This executive order establishes a presidential task force and advisory committee to promote technology-based training for federal employees. It directs agencies to designate representatives, develop training technology standards, create online training databases, and explore individual training accounts for workers.
Nazi War Criminal Records Interagency Working Group
This executive order establishes an interagency working group led by the Archivist of the United States to locate, inventory, and declassify Nazi war criminal records for public release at the National Archives, with a report to Congress due within one year and the group terminating after three years.
Implementation of Human Rights Treaties
This executive order establishes a framework for the U.S. government to implement its obligations under international human rights treaties including the ICCPR, Convention Against Torture, and CERD. It creates an Interagency Working Group chaired by the National Security Council designee to coordinate treaty compliance, report preparation, complaint responses, and annual reviews of reservations and practices across all executive agencies.
Drawdown Under Section 506(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) of the Foreign Assistance Act To Provide Emergency Disaster Relief Assistance for Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Guatemala
President Clinton authorized a drawdown of up to $45 million in Defense Department articles and services to provide emergency disaster relief assistance to Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Guatemala following Hurricane Mitch. The determination directs the Secretaries of State and Defense to execute the transfer under the Foreign Assistance Act and requires immediate congressional notification.
Drawdown Under Section 506(a)(2)(A)(i)(II) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended To Provide Emergency Disaster Relief Assistance for Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Guatemala
President Clinton authorized a drawdown of up to $30 million in Defense Department articles and services to provide emergency disaster relief assistance to Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Guatemala following Hurricane Mitch. The determination requires the Secretary of State to report to Congress immediately and arrange for Federal Register publication.
American Indian and Alaska Native Education
This executive order establishes an Interagency Task Force on American Indian and Alaska Native Education to coordinate federal efforts across 14+ agencies to improve educational outcomes for Native students. It mandates development of a comprehensive federal Indian education policy, regional partnership forums, school pilot sites, and a research agenda, with multiple reporting deadlines over a 5-year task force lifespan.
Delegation of Authority Under Section 1406(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1998
President Clinton delegated to the Secretary of Defense the presidential functions under Section 1406(b) of the FY1998 National Defense Authorization Act, with authority to redelegate down to the Under Secretary level.
Coral Reef Protection
This executive order establishes a federal policy to protect U.S. coral reef ecosystems by requiring agencies to identify actions affecting reefs and avoid degrading them. It creates the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force co-chaired by Interior and Commerce to coordinate mapping, monitoring, research, conservation, and international cooperation efforts.
1998 Amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States
This executive order updates the Manual for Courts-Martial with detailed procedural rules governing military justice, including pretrial confinement review timelines (24-hour, 48-hour, 72-hour, and 7-day requirements), competency to stand trial procedures, post-trial deferment and waiver of forfeitures for dependent support, and structured processes for vacating suspended sentences.
Establishment of the Enrichment Oversight Committee
This executive order establishes the Enrichment Oversight Committee (EOC) to monitor and coordinate U.S. government efforts related to the privatized United States Enrichment Corporation (USEC). The EOC oversees implementation of the U.S.-Russia Highly Enriched Uranium Agreement, monitors foreign ownership restrictions, collects intelligence and proprietary business information, and coordinates with multiple agencies including the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Joint Mexican-United States Defense Commission
This executive order adds a Joint Staff member to the U.S. delegation of the Joint Mexican-United States Defense Commission, a bilateral military cooperation body originally established in 1942. The amendment expands the commission's U.S. membership from four service branch representatives to five by including the Joint Staff.
American Heritage Rivers Initiative Advisory Committee
This executive order establishes a 20-member advisory committee to review community nominations and recommend up to 20 rivers for presidential designation as American Heritage Rivers, from which the President will select ten. The committee evaluates nominations based on environmental protection, economic revitalization, and historic preservation criteria. It is administratively and financially supported by the Secretary of Defense through the Assistant Secretary of the Army for Civil Works and automatically terminates within two years.
Military Drawdown for Jordan
President Clinton authorized a $25 million drawdown of U.S. defense articles, services, and military training from Department of Defense stocks for Jordan under the Foreign Military Financing Program. The determination directs the Secretaries of State and Defense to execute this military assistance transfer and requires congressional notification and Federal Register publication.
Ordering the Selected Reserve of the Armed Forces to Active Duty
President Clinton authorized the Secretary of Defense (and Secretary of Transportation for the Coast Guard) to order Selected Reserve units and individual members to active duty to augment U.S. forces for operations in and around Southwest Asia. The order invoked statutory authorities under sections 121 and 12304 of title 10, U.S. Code.
Special Oversight Board for Department of Defense Investigations of Gulf War Chemical and Biological Incidents
This executive order establishes a seven-member Special Oversight Board to review Department of Defense investigations into possible chemical/biological weapons exposures during the Gulf War and factors contributing to Gulf War illnesses. The board must submit an interim report within 9 months of its first meeting and a final report within 18 months, after which it terminates 30 days later.
Amendment to Executive Order 12656
This executive order amends Executive Order 12656 by adding a new section that assigns the Secretary of Defense responsibility—subject to presidential direction and joint procedures with the Secretary of State—for deploying military forces to protect and evacuate U.S. citizens, nationals, and designated others from threatened areas overseas. It essentially codifies the Defense Department's lead role in funding and executing noncombatant evacuation operations (NEOs).
Further Amendment to Executive Order 13010, as Amended, Critical Infrastructure Protection
This executive order makes technical amendments to EO 13010 to expand the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection from 15 to 20 members, adds public sector representation, and extends the life of supporting committees until March 15, 1998 to review the Commission's report and prepare recommendations. It also authorizes retention of Commission staff and designates classification authority for related infrastructure protection work.
Delegation of Authority Under Section 1322(c) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996 (Public Law 104-106)
This determination delegates presidential reporting duties under Section 1322(c) of the FY1996 NDAA to the Secretary of Defense, requiring DOD to obtain interagency concurrence from Commerce, State, Treasury, and the DCI before submitting reports to Congress. The delegation permits redelegation no lower than Under Secretary level.
Federal Support of Community Efforts Along American Heritage Rivers
This executive order establishes the American Heritage Rivers initiative, a voluntary, community-driven program where communities nominate rivers for federal designation and support. It creates an interagency committee to coordinate federal assistance for environmental protection, economic revitalization, and historic preservation along designated rivers, without creating new regulatory authority.
Federal Actions in the Lake Tahoe Region
This executive order creates a Federal Interagency Partnership to coordinate federal agency actions protecting the natural, recreational, and ecological resources of the Lake Tahoe Region. The Partnership includes six federal agencies and is charged with developing a Memorandum of Agreement with California, Nevada, tribal governments, and local entities to align environmental and economic goals.
Delegation of Authority Under Section 1424 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997
This memorandum delegates presidential authority under section 1424(c) of the FY1997 National Defense Authorization Act to the Secretary of Defense, requiring consultation with the Secretary of State. It is a routine internal delegation of statutory authority with no substantive policy directives.
Increasing Seat Belt Use in the United States
This executive order mandates that federal employees wear seat belts during official travel and requires seat belt use in national parks and on Defense Department installations. It also encourages tribal governments and federal contractors to adopt seat belt policies, directs agencies to conduct education programs, and requires the Secretary of Transportation to submit annual reports on compliance and crash statistics.
Strengthened Protections for Human Subjects of Classified Research
This 1997 presidential memorandum strengthens ethical protections for human subjects in classified government research by implementing recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments. It prohibits waiver of informed consent for classified research, requires disclosure of sponsoring agencies and classification status to subjects, mandates special institutional review board procedures including nongovernmental members and appeals processes, requires annual public disclosure of secret research projects, and bars agencies from conducting such research without first adopting modified Common Rule regulations.
Advisory Committee on High-Performance Computing and Communications, Information Technology, and the Next Generation Internet
This executive order establishes a 25-member advisory committee to counsel the National Science and Technology Council on high-performance computing, communications, information technology, and the Next Generation Internet. The committee is tasked with independently assessing progress on the HPCC Program and related initiatives, with Department of Defense administrative support, and will automatically terminate after two years unless extended.
Extension of Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses
This executive order extends the Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses, originally created in 1995, with a new mandate to oversee the Pentagon's investigation into possible chemical or biological warfare exposures during the Gulf War and evaluate federal implementation of the Committee's December 1996 recommendations. The Committee must submit a status report by April 30, 1997, and a final supplemental report by October 31, 1997, after which it will terminate 30 days later.
Federal Alternative Fueled Vehicle Leadership
This executive order directs all federal agencies to meet escalating annual targets for acquiring alternative fueled vehicles (AFVs), starting at 25% in FY 1996 and rising to 75% by FY 1999. It establishes reporting requirements, compliance mechanisms, funding rules, and coordination with private-sector stakeholders to expand refueling infrastructure.
Drawdown of Commodities and Services From the Inventory and Resources of the Department of Defense To Support a Peace Monitoring Force in Northern Iraq
President Clinton authorized the drawdown of up to $4 million in Defense Department commodities and services to support a Peace Monitoring Force in northern Iraq, bypassing statutory restrictions on assistance to Iraq by invoking emergency authorities under the Foreign Assistance Act.
Administration of Export Controls on Encryption Products
This executive order establishes special export control rules for encryption products being transferred from State Department munitions oversight to Commerce Department dual-use regulations. It exempts encryption controls from normal foreign-availability review requirements, gives multiple agencies including Justice veto authority over encryption export licenses, excludes encryption software from being treated as 'technology,' and mandates that technical assistance exports be controlled as strictly as under arms export laws.
Determination To Authorize the Furnishing of Non- Lethal Emergency Military Assistance to the States Participating in the Economic Community of West African States' Peacekeeping Force (ECOMOG) Under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended
President Clinton authorized a drawdown of up to $5 million in non-lethal defense articles, services, and military training from Department of Defense stocks to support ECOWAS states participating in the ECOMOG peacekeeping force in Liberia. The determination cites an unforeseen emergency that cannot be met under other authorities.
Determination To Authorize the Drawdown of Commodities, Services, and Training From the Department of Defense for the Economic Community of West African States' Peacekeeping Force (ECOMOG) Under Section 552(c)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended
President Clinton authorized a $10 million drawdown of Defense Department commodities, services, and training to support the ECOWAS peacekeeping force (ECOMOG) in Liberia, citing an unforeseen emergency under the Foreign Assistance Act. The assistance targets Nigeria, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Guinea, and Mali, with potential expansion to future participants.
Drawdown of Articles, Services, and Military Education and Training from DOD To Provide Antinarcotics Assistance to Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, and the Countries of the Eastern Caribbean
President Clinton authorized a drawdown of up to $75 million in Defense Department articles, services, and military education and training for FY 1996 to provide antinarcotics assistance to Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, and seven Eastern Caribbean nations (the RSS members). The determination requires the Secretary of State to report to Congress and arrange Federal Register publication.
Determination To Authorize the Furnishing of Emergency Military Assistance to Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Uganda Under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act
President Clinton authorized up to $10 million in emergency military assistance from Defense Department stocks to Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Uganda under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act, citing an unforeseen emergency that could not be addressed through other authorities. The determination directs the Secretary of State to report to Congress and arrange Federal Register publication.
POW/MIA Military Drawdown for Cambodia
President Clinton authorized drawing down up to $151,000 in Department of Defense defense articles for Cambodia to support efforts to locate and repatriate U.S. military personnel and civilian government employees still unaccounted for from the Vietnam War. The determination was made under section 535 of the 1996 Foreign Operations Assistance Act and requires reporting to Congress and Federal Register publication.
Amendment to Executive Order No. 12580
This executive order amends a 1987 order to delegate certain hazardous substance response authorities under CERCLA (Superfund) to five additional Cabinet secretaries (Interior, Commerce, Agriculture, Defense, Energy) for releases affecting their natural resources or facilities, subject to concurrence from either the Coast Guard (for coastal/Great Lakes/port/harbor areas) or the EPA Administrator (for other areas). The order explicitly prohibits using Superfund money to pay for responses when a responsible party fails to comply with an order.
POW/MIA Military Drawdown for Vietnam
President Clinton authorized a drawdown of up to $3 million in Department of Defense defense articles for Vietnam to support efforts to locate and repatriate U.S. Armed Forces members and civilian employees still unaccounted for from the Vietnam War. The determination was made under section 535 of the 1996 Foreign Operations Assistance Act and requires reporting to Congress and Federal Register publication.
Amending Executive Order No. 10163, the Armed Forces Reserve Medal
This executive order updates eligibility criteria for the Armed Forces Reserve Medal, adding two new paths to the award: service during post-1990 mobilizations and volunteering for designated military operations, alongside the existing 10-year reserve service requirement. It also standardizes the medal's appurtenances to denote how it was earned.
Critical Infrastructure Protection
This executive order establishes the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection to study vulnerabilities in systems like telecommunications, power, banking, and emergency services, and creates an interim Infrastructure Protection Task Force within the FBI to coordinate threat response until the Commission completes its work. It mandates public-private collaboration to assess physical and cyber threats and develop a national protection strategy.
Assistance to Bosnia and Herzegovina
President Clinton certified that transferring up to $100 million in defense articles and services from DOD stocks to Bosnia and Herzegovina would promote regional security, and delegated reporting functions to the Secretary of Defense. The Secretary of State was directed to transmit this determination to Congress and arrange Federal Register publication.
U.S.-Israel Arrow Deployability Program
President Clinton certified that the U.S.-Israel Arrow Deployability Program meets statutory requirements under the FY1994 National Defense Authorization Act, including a successful 1994 intercept test and Israel's adherence to Missile Technology Control Regime export controls. The determination authorizes the program to proceed with congressional notification and Federal Register publication.
Strengthening Drug Control Cooperation with Mexico
This 1996 presidential memorandum directs 13 specific measures to strengthen U.S.-Mexico cooperation against drug trafficking, including developing a binational drug control strategy, reviewing Southwest border counter-drug programs, controlling precursor chemicals, combating money laundering, improving law enforcement coordination, and employing high technology for eradication. It establishes reporting deadlines to the U.S.-Mexico High Level Contact Group and the President's Council on Counter-Narcotics.
Delegation of Responsibilities Under Section 1208 of Title XII of Public Law 104-106
This memorandum delegates presidential authorities under Section 1208 of the FY1996 National Defense Authorization Act to the Secretary of State, to be exercised in consultation with the Secretary of Defense. It permits redelegation within the Department of State and directs publication in the Federal Register.
President's Council on Counter-Narcotics
This executive order establishes the President's Council on Counter-Narcotics, a high-level interagency body chaired by the President and comprising cabinet secretaries, intelligence directors, and senior White House officials. The Council meets quarterly to advise the President on national drug control strategy, coordinate implementation across agencies, and link drug policy to national security priorities, while preserving the Director of National Drug Control Policy as the senior drug policy official.
Drawdown of Commodities and Services from the Departments of Defense, the Treasury, Transportation, and Justice and Drawdown of Defense Articles, Defense Services, and Training from the Department of Defense for Israel
President Clinton authorized an emergency drawdown of up to $12 million in commodities and services from four federal departments and up to $10 million in defense articles, services, and training from DOD to Israel for detecting and disarming explosive devices, responding to four suicide bombings that threatened the Middle East peace process.
Economy and Efficiency in Government Procurement Through Compliance With Certain Immigration and Naturalization Act Provisions
This executive order directs federal contracting agencies to avoid doing business with contractors that knowingly employ unauthorized workers, and establishes a debarment process where the Attorney General can investigate and recommend exclusion of non-compliant contractors from federal procurement for one-year periods. It mandates amendments to the Federal Acquisition Regulation to implement these procedures while explicitly prohibiting additional contract certification requirements.
Establishing the Armed Forces Service Medal
This executive order establishes the Armed Forces Service Medal, a new military decoration for U.S. service members who participate in significant military operations where no foreign armed opposition or imminent hostile action is encountered. The medal applies retroactively to operations on or after June 1, 1992, and is placed in precedence immediately before the Humanitarian Service Medal.
Ordering the Selected Reserve of the Armed Forces to Active Duty
This executive order authorizes the Secretaries of Defense and Transportation to activate Selected Reserve military units and individual members for operations in and around former Yugoslavia. It was issued to augment active forces for peacekeeping operations related to the Bosnian War and NATO's IFOR deployment.
Administration of Export Controls
This executive order establishes a structured interagency process for reviewing export license applications under the Export Administration Act and related regulations. It sets specific timelines for license review (90 days maximum), creates a three-tier dispute resolution system (Operating Committee, Advisory Committee on Export Policy, and Export Administration Review Board), and defines procedures for prelicense checks and government-to-government assurances.
Agency Procurement Protests
This executive order requires federal agencies to establish internal administrative procedures for resolving procurement contract protests as an alternative to external forums. It mandates that the Federal Acquisition Regulation be amended within 180 days to support these goals, and requires a report to the President within 2 years on agency implementation.
Delegation of Authority Under the Assignment of Claims Act
This memorandum delegates presidential authority under the Assignment of Claims Act (Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act of 1994) to all federal departments and agencies. It designates all departments and agencies as subject to contract assignment provisions previously limited to DOD, GSA, and DOE, and delegates 'determination of need' authority to agency heads for their respective contracts.
Facilitating Access to Federal Property for the Siting of Mobile Services Antennas
This 1995 memorandum directs federal agencies to facilitate access to federal buildings and lands for siting mobile services antennas to support wireless communications infrastructure buildout. It requires the GSA Administrator to develop procedures within 90 days in consultation with multiple department secretaries, establishes principles for antenna siting including market-based fees, and preserves agency discretion to reject inappropriate requests.
Determination To Authorize the Furnishing of Emergency Military Assistance to the United Nations for Purposes of Supporting the Rapid Reaction Force in Bosnia Under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act
President Clinton determined that an unforeseen emergency existed requiring immediate military assistance to the United Nations, authorizing up to $17 million in defense articles and services from DOD to support the UN Rapid Reaction Force in Bosnia. The determination was made under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act because the need could not be met under the Arms Export Control Act or other authorities.
Determination To Authorize the Furnishing of Emergency Military Assistance to the United Nations for Purposes of Supporting the Rapid Reaction Force in Bosnia Under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act
President Clinton authorized up to $3 million in emergency military assistance from the Department of Defense to the United Nations to support the Rapid Reaction Force in Bosnia, citing an unforeseen emergency under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act. The determination found that no other law, including the Arms Export Control Act, could meet this emergency requirement. The Secretary of State was directed to report to Congress and arrange Federal Register publication.
Foreign Disaster Assistance
This executive order delegates presidential authority under a new statute (10 U.S.C. § 404) to the Secretary of Defense for providing foreign disaster assistance, establishing procedural controls requiring presidential direction or State Department concurrence, with limited emergency exceptions. It specifies coordination requirements with USAID and took effect immediately after midnight on July 15, 1995.
Recreational Fisheries
This executive order directs federal agencies to conserve, restore, and enhance aquatic systems to expand recreational fishing opportunities nationwide. It establishes a National Recreational Fisheries Coordination Council, mandates development of a 5-year Conservation Plan, requires a joint ESA policy from wildlife agencies, and expands an advisory council's role to monitor federal activities affecting recreational fisheries.
Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses
This executive order establishes a 12-member Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses to review and provide recommendations on research, medical treatment, outreach, and risk factors related to unexplained illnesses affecting veterans of the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War. The committee is explicitly prohibited from conducting its own scientific research or advising on federal legal liability, and must submit an interim report within 6 months of its first meeting and a final report by December 31, 1996.
Regulatory ReformWaiver of Penalties and Reduction of Reports
This April 21, 1995 presidential memorandum directs federal agencies to implement two regulatory reform policies: (1) exercising enforcement discretion to waive penalties for small businesses that correct violations in good faith, and (2) reducing by half the frequency of public reporting requirements, with both policies requiring implementation plans to OMB by June 15, 1995 and policy implementation by July 14, 1995. The memorandum excludes law enforcement, national security, foreign affairs, trade restrictions, tax/revenue matters, and statistical agencies from its scope.
Classified National Security Information
This executive order establishes a comprehensive uniform system for classifying, safeguarding, and declassifying national security information across the federal government. It creates automatic declassification timelines (generally 10 years for original classification, 25 years for historically valuable records), establishes new oversight bodies, and mandates training and procedural requirements for officials with classification authority. The order significantly expands transparency by requiring declassification instructions on all classified documents and creating mechanisms for public challenge of classification decisions.
Ensuring the Economical and Efficient Administration and Completion of Federal Government Contracts
This executive order prohibits federal agencies from contracting with employers that permanently replace lawfully striking employees. It authorizes the Secretary of Labor to investigate complaints, terminate existing contracts for convenience, and debar contractors from future federal work, with the goal of reducing prolonged labor disputes that could disrupt government operations.
Actions Required of all Executive Agencies To Facilitate Payment of Child Support
This executive order directs all federal agencies, including the Uniformed Services, to become model employers in facilitating child support enforcement. It mandates specific actions including wage withholding compliance, service of legal process cooperation, data sharing with state child support agencies, and requires multiple reports and reviews within 60-180 days.
Release of Imagery Acquired by Space-Based National Intelligence Reconnaissance Systems
This executive order declassified and transferred historical Cold War-era satellite imagery from the Corona, Argon, and Lanyard missions to public archives within 18 months. It also established a permanent review program for declassifying other obsolete intelligence imagery, with a 5-year deadline for broad-area film-return systems.
Foreign Intelligence Physical Searches
This executive order delegates authority to the Attorney General to approve warrantless physical searches for foreign intelligence purposes up to one year, and to apply for court orders for such searches under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. It also designates specific senior national security officials to certify applications for physical search orders.
President's Advisory Board on Arms Proliferation Policy
This executive order establishes a five-member presidential advisory board within the Department of Defense to advise on conventional arms transfer policy and arms proliferation issues. The board operates with classified exemptions from normal public meeting requirements and terminates 30 days after its final report is submitted to Congress.
Presidential Determination To Authorize Transportation for Certain Unaccompanied Minors, Elderly, and Ill Individuals
This 1994 presidential determination authorizes the Secretary of Defense to provide transportation assistance to the Attorney General for unaccompanied minors, elderly, and ill individuals under the Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980. The Secretary may also expand services and categories of beneficiaries at his discretion.
Resumption of U.S. Drug Interdiction Assistance to the Government of Peru
President Clinton issued a determination under the National Defense Authorization Act for FY1995 to resume U.S. drug interdiction assistance to Peru, certifying that Peru faces an extraordinary threat from illicit drug trafficking and has adequate procedures to protect innocent life during aerial interdiction. The determination authorizes U.S. support for shooting down aircraft reasonably suspected of drug trafficking in Peruvian airspace.
Resumption of U.S. Drug Interdiction Assistance to the Government of Colombia
President Clinton issued a determination under the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995 to resume U.S. assistance for Colombia's interdiction of aircraft suspected of illicit drug trafficking. The determination certifies that drug trafficking poses an extraordinary threat to Colombia's national security and that Colombia has adequate procedures to protect innocent life during interdiction operations.
Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction
This executive order declares a national emergency to counter the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems. It establishes a comprehensive framework of export controls, sanctions against foreign persons and countries involved in chemical and biological weapons proliferation, and mandates multilateral diplomatic efforts led by the Secretary of State.
Determination To Waive the Funding Prohibition in Section 1404(f)(3)(A) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995 in the Case of U.S. Military Personnel Serving in NATO Headquarters Positions
President Clinton waived a funding limitation in the FY1995 National Defense Authorization Act that would have prohibited U.S. funding for American military personnel serving in NATO headquarters positions. The waiver covers personnel at NATO Headquarters Brussels, Supreme Allied Commander Europe/Atlantic, Allied Forces Southern Europe, and related subordinate commands.
Military Drawdown for Israel
President Clinton authorized an additional $75 million drawdown of U.S. Department of Defense stocks and defense services for Israel under Section 599B of the Foreign Operations Appropriations Act. The determination delegates notification and reporting functions to the Secretary of Defense and directs publication in the Federal Register.
Vessel War Risk Insurance Under Title XII of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936
This memorandum approves the Department of Defense to procure war risk insurance from the Secretary of Transportation for vessels chartered by DoD entering Haitian territorial waters, where commercial insurers had excluded coverage due to war risk trading warranties. The approval is effective for 60 days and requires the Secretary of Transportation to notify all operators immediately.
Delegation of Authorities Under the Iran-Iraq Arms Non-Proliferation Act of 1992
President Clinton delegated to the Secretary of State all presidential functions under the Iran-Iraq Arms Non-Proliferation Act of 1992, with consultation requirements across national security and economic agencies. The delegation applies to any future amendments or successor legislation.
Determination To Authorize the Furnishing of Emergency Military Assistance to Countries Participating in the Multinational Coalition To Restore Democracy to Haiti Under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act
President Clinton authorized up to $50 million in emergency military assistance from Defense Department stocks, services, and training to countries participating in the multinational coalition to restore democracy to Haiti, citing an unforeseen emergency that could not be addressed under other existing authorities.
Ordering the Selected Reserve of the Armed Forces to Active Duty
President Clinton ordered Selected Reserve units and individual members to active duty to augment U.S. forces for Operation Uphold Democracy, the military intervention to restore Haiti's civilian government. The order delegated activation authority to the Secretary of Defense and Secretary of Transportation (for Coast Guard).
Implementation of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993
This executive order directs federal agencies to assist states in implementing the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (the 'motor voter' law), specifically requiring agencies running public assistance and disability services programs to provide voter registration guidance, funding assistance, and technical support to state agencies. It also directs the Defense Department to develop voter registration procedures at Armed Forces recruitment offices and requires federal agencies to accept state designations as voter registration sites when legally and financially feasible.
Drawdown of Department of Defense Stocks and Services for Disaster Assistance for Rwanda
President Clinton authorized drawing up to $75 million in Defense Department stocks and services for disaster relief in and around Rwanda under the Foreign Assistance Act, rescinding an earlier July 1994 determination. The Secretary of State must report to Congress and arrange Federal Register publication.
Determination To Authorize the Furnishing of Emergency Military Assistance to Jamaica Under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act
President Clinton authorized up to $1.5 million in emergency military assistance to Jamaica from Defense Department stocks, citing an unforeseen emergency that could not be addressed under other authorities. The determination was made under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and requires reporting to Congress and Federal Register publication.
Delegation of Responsibilities Under the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995
This memorandum delegates specific presidential functions under the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 to the Secretary of State, with coordination requirements for the Secretary of Defense on certain provisions and consultation requirements with the Secretary of the Treasury on others.
Military Sales of Depleted Uranium Ammunition
President Clinton issued a determination under Section 527 of the 1994 Foreign Operations Appropriations Act to allow U.S. funds to facilitate foreign military sales of depleted uranium anti-tank ammunition (M-833 to Bahrain and Saudi Arabia; M-829 to Saudi Arabia and Kuwait) based on national security interests. The Secretaries of State and Defense were directed to transmit the determination to Congress and publish it in the Federal Register.
Determination To Authorize the Furnishing of Emergency Military Assistance to the Dominican Republic Under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
President Clinton authorized emergency military assistance of up to $15 million in defense articles from Defense Department stocks and military education/training to the Dominican Republic under Section 506(a)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, finding an unforeseen emergency that could not be met under other authorities. The Secretary of State was directed to report this to Congress and arrange Federal Register publication.
National Defense Industrial Resources Preparedness
This executive order delegates presidential authorities under the Defense Production Act of 1950 to cabinet secretaries and agency heads for national defense industrial resource preparedness. It establishes frameworks for priorities and allocations of materials and services, expansion of productive capacity through loans and guarantees, labor supply management, and defense industrial base information systems, while revoking and consolidating eleven prior executive orders.
Drawdown of Commodities and Services To Assist the International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia
President Clinton authorized a drawdown of up to $6 million in U.S. government commodities and services from State, Justice, Defense, FBI, CIA, and other agencies to support the UN War Crimes Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, bypassing normal ceiling limits under emergency foreign assistance authorities.
Theater Missile Defense Cooperation With the Allies
President Clinton certified that the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization formally submitted a proposal to NATO members, Japan, Israel, and South Korea to coordinate U.S. Theater Missile Defense programs with allied TMD programs. The Secretary of Defense was directed to notify Congress and publish the determination in the Federal Register.
Delegation of Authority With Respect to the Allocation and Administration of a"Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund"
This memorandum delegates presidential authority under the FREEDOM Support Act to the Secretary of State for managing a "Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund," including reporting obligations previously handled under a 1992 memorandum. It also automatically allocates appropriated funds to State without requiring further presidential action.
Coordinating Geographic Data Acquisition and Access: The National Spatial Data Infrastructure
This executive order establishes the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) to coordinate federal geospatial data collection and sharing, creating an electronic clearinghouse to reduce duplication and improve public access to geographic information. It mandates the Federal Geographic Data Committee to develop standards, requires agencies to document and share geospatial data, and sets specific deadlines for implementation through 2000.
Military Drawdown for Israel
President Clinton authorized an additional $161.9 million drawdown of U.S. Department of Defense stocks and defense services for Israel under section 599B of the Foreign Operations Appropriations Act. The determination delegates notification and reporting functions to the Secretary of Defense.
Drawdown of Commodities and Services From the Inventory and Resources of the Department of Defense To Support the Establishment of the Palestinian Police Force
President Clinton authorized a $4 million drawdown of Defense Department commodities and services to support establishment of the Palestinian Police Force in Israel, pursuant to the Oslo Accords Declaration of Principles. The determination cites an unforeseen emergency under the Foreign Assistance Act and directs the Secretaries of State and Defense to execute the transfer.
Energy Efficiency and Water Conservation at Federal Facilities
This executive order directs federal agencies to reduce energy consumption in buildings by 30 percent by 2005 and increase industrial facility energy efficiency by 20 percent by 2005, using 1985 and 1990 baselines respectively. It mandates comprehensive energy and water audits, prioritization surveys, implementation of cost-effective conservation measures, expanded use of solar and renewable energy, innovative financing mechanisms like energy savings performance contracts, and new procurement standards for energy-efficient products.
Justification for Presidential Determination of Eligibility of Eritrea To Be Furnished Military Assistance Under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and the Arms Export Control Act
President Clinton determined that Eritrea is eligible to receive U.S. military assistance under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Arms Export Control Act. The justification cites Eritrea's strategic position on the Red Sea, regional stability concerns, and the piloting of a new U.S. demining program using Special Operations Forces to train local instructors. The determination enables defense articles and services to flow to Eritrea, primarily focused on demining assistance rather than conventional arms.
Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations
This executive order requires federal agencies to make environmental justice part of their mission by identifying and addressing disproportionately high adverse health and environmental effects on minority and low-income populations. It creates an interagency working group, mandates agency-specific strategies with specific deadlines, and requires improved data collection, research inclusion, and public participation.
Delegation of Responsibilities Under Sections 1203-1207 of Title XII of Public Law 103-160
This memorandum delegates presidential authorities under the Cooperative Threat Reduction Act (Nunn-Lugar) to the Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense, with State Department certification required before Defense can act in any former Soviet republic, and OMB sign-off required for fund obligations.
Federal Leadership of Fair Housing
This memorandum directs federal agencies to affirmatively further fair housing, establishes a Cabinet-level President's Fair Housing Council, and revokes Executive Order 12259. It expands protections to disabled persons and families with children, mandates HUD program reviews, and directs action against mortgage lending discrimination.
Leadership and Coordination of Fair Housing in Federal Programs: Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing
This executive order directs all federal agencies to administer housing and urban development programs in ways that affirmatively further fair housing under the Fair Housing Act. It establishes the President's Fair Housing Council, assigns HUD the lead coordinating role, mandates interagency regulations, and creates enforcement mechanisms including sanctions for noncompliance.
Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments
This executive order creates a temporary Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments to investigate and evaluate U.S. government-sponsored human radiation experiments conducted from 1944 to 1974, and to provide recommendations on ethical and scientific standards to an interagency working group. The committee of up to 15 members will review specific Cold War-era experiments including the 'Green Run test' and various radiation warfare tests, with authority to recommend notification of affected individuals or descendants about health risks.
Notification Under 10 U.S.C. 2215 for the New Independent States (NIS) of the Former Soviet Union
President Clinton certified that transferring Defense Department operation and maintenance funds to USAID for assistance to the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union is in the national security interest of the United States. The Secretary of Defense was directed to submit this certification to Congress and publish it in the Federal Register.
Procurement of Trident II Missiles
President Clinton certified that proposing 'detubing' of nuclear ballistic missile submarines as an option for eliminating SLBM launchers under START treaties would not be in the national interest. The determination directs the Secretary of Defense to notify Congress and publish the certification in the Federal Register. This preserves existing missile tube-based elimination methods for arms control compliance.
Drawdown of Commodities and Services From the Inventory and Resources of the Department of Defense To Maintain Egypt's Military Readiness and Security
President Clinton authorized a $13.5 million drawdown of Defense Department commodities and services to support Egypt's military readiness and security, citing an unforeseen emergency caused by Egypt's diversion of resources to UN peacekeeping operations in Somalia (UNOSOM II). The determination was made under Section 552(c)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.