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DetDeterminationClinton · D Quiet signal

Presidential Determination

Resumption of U.S. Drug Interdiction Assistance to the Government of Peru

President Clinton issued a determination under the National Defense Authorization Act for FY1995 to resume U.S. drug interdiction assistance to Peru, certifying that Peru faces an extraordinary threat from illicit drug trafficking and has adequate procedures to protect innocent life during aerial interdiction. The determination authorizes U.S. support for shooting down aircraft reasonably suspected of drug trafficking in Peruvian airspace.

Federal Register 59 FR 65231
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Impact dates

  1. Federal Register publication

Key directives

  • Determine that aerial interdiction of suspected drug trafficking aircraft in Peruvian airspace is necessary due to extraordinary threat to Peru's national security
  • Certify that Peru has appropriate procedures to protect innocent life, including effective means to identify and warn aircraft before use of force
  • Authorize and direct Secretary of State to publish determination in Federal Register

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Determination takes effect upon signing; U.S. drug interdiction assistance to Peru resumes

Near term (90d)

  • Federal Register publication by Secretary of State
  • Operational coordination between U.S. and Peruvian forces on aerial interdiction protocols

Long term

  • Ongoing aerial interdiction operations in Peruvian airspace
  • Continued U.S.-Peru counter-narcotics security cooperation

Risks & tensions

  • Potential for collateral civilian casualties despite certification of warning procedures
  • Sovereignty concerns regarding U.S. involvement in lethal operations in foreign airspace
  • Verification uncertainty: determination relies on self-reported Peruvian procedures without specified oversight mechanism
Presidential Determination: Resumption of U.S. Drug Interdiction Assistance to the Government of Peru · Executive Orders