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EO 13887Executive OrderTrump 45 · R Quiet signal

Executive Order 13887

Modernizing Influenza Vaccines in the United States to Promote National Security and Public Health

This executive order establishes a National Influenza Vaccine Task Force co-chaired by Defense and HHS to modernize U.S. influenza vaccine production away from egg-based methods toward faster, scalable cell-based and recombinant technologies. It mandates a 5-year national plan and directs multiple agencies to estimate costs, expand manufacturing capacity, and accelerate development of broadly protective vaccines.

Federal Register Open PDF 84 FR 49935

Impact dates

  1. Second annual update on Plan implementation

  2. Task Force report with 5-year national plan due

Key directives

  • Establish National Influenza Vaccine Task Force co-chaired by Secretary of Defense and Secretary of HHS
  • Task Force to submit report within 120 days including 5-year national plan for agile/scalable vaccine manufacturing
  • HHS to estimate costs of expanding cell-based and recombinant manufacturing capacity through private-sector cost-sharing agreements
  • HHS to estimate costs of expanding domestic adjuvant production capacity
  • HHS to estimate costs of expanding fill-and-finish capacity for pandemic response
  • HHS to evaluate incentives and emergency technology transfer to public-private partnerships
  • NIH to provide estimated timelines for strategic plan implementation
  • FDA to implement production process improvements and develop alternative timing for vaccine virus selection
  • CDC to expand vaccine effectiveness studies and develop plan for whole genome characterization capacity
  • CMS to examine payment framework for domestically manufactured pandemic-responsive vaccines
  • DOD to provide OMB cost estimate for transitioning annual vaccine procurement to modernized domestic vaccines
  • DOD to assess feasibility of using advanced manufacturing facility for pandemic cell-based/recombinant vaccine production

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Task Force establishment with specified membership
  • Co-Chairs designated (Defense Secretary and HHS Secretary)

Near term (90d)

  • Task Force report due within 120 days with 5-year national plan
  • HHS cost estimates for manufacturing expansion
  • DOD and VA cost estimates for vaccine procurement transition

Long term

  • Annual implementation updates for 5 years following initial report
  • Potential transition of DOD and VA procurement to modernized vaccines
  • Development of broadly protective universal vaccine candidates
  • Expansion of domestic manufacturing capacity

Risks & tensions

  • Implementation explicitly 'subject to availability of appropriations' may limit execution without Congressional funding
  • Cost-sharing agreements with private sector require negotiated pricing strategies that may create tension between pandemic preparedness and market incentives
  • Egg-based manufacturing incumbent interests may resist transition despite stated policy
  • Emergency technology transfer provisions raise potential intellectual property tensions with manufacturers
  • Task Force termination left to presidential discretion creates uncertainty for long-term continuity
  • Vague: 'estimate' language used throughout rather than mandate actual expansion; actual implementation depends on subsequent budget decisions
Executive Order 13887: Modernizing Influenza Vaccines in the United States to Promote National Security and Public Health · Executive Orders