ExecutiveOrdersEO
Proc 10976ProclamationTrump 47 · R

Proclamation 10976

Adjusting Imports of Timber, Lumber, and Their Derivative Products Into the United States

This proclamation imposes tariffs on imported wood products under Section 232 national security authority, effective October 14, 2025: 10% on softwood timber/lumber, 25% on upholstered wooden products and kitchen cabinets/vanities (rising to 30% and 50% respectively on January 1, 2026). It caps tariffs for UK at 10% and EU/Japan at 15% total, directs trade negotiations with a 180-day deadline, and establishes processes to add products and address undervaluation.

Federal Register Open PDF 90 FR 48127

Impact dates

  1. In 42d

    Secretary of Commerce must provide President update on hardwood timber/lumber markets and domestic industry

  2. Trade Representative must provide subsequent update (180 days from signing)

  3. Duty rate on upholstered wooden products increases to 30%; duty rate on kitchen cabinets/vanities increases to 50%

  4. Trade Representative must provide update before January 1, 2026

  5. Tariffs take effect on goods entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse

Market exposure

Policy exposure mapping — not investment advice. Illustrative public companies are incomplete and not recommendations.

Sectors

Steel & aluminumAutosOil & gasDefense primesAerospaceOther industrial

Mechanisms

TariffQuotaLicensing

Role pressure

  • ProtectiveDomestic producer — Tariffs shield US wood mills from import competition; phased increases and product expansion authority provide growing protection
  • AdverseImporter — Faces 10-50% additional duties with complex layering rules, foreign trade zone restrictions, and undervaluation risk
  • MixedDownstream manufacturer — Domestic cabinet/furniture makers gain input cost protection but housing/construction sectors face higher material costs; defense supply chain benefits from reshoring push
  • MixedTrading-partner exporter — UK capped at 10% (favorable); EU/Japan capped at 15% (moderate); other countries face full rates up to 50%; negotiation pathway available

Geographies

USUKEUJPCAMXCNOTHER

Exposure dates

  • — Tariffs take effect on goods entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse
  • — Trade Representative must provide update before January 1, 2026
  • — Trade Representative must provide subsequent update (180 days from signing)
  • — Secretary of Commerce must provide President update on hardwood timber/lumber markets and domestic industry

Illustrative public companies

Curated watchlist matches by sector/role — incomplete; not a recommendation.

MMM3MEADSYAirbusAAAlcoaAAPLAppleBABoeingCATCaterpillarCENXCentury AluminumLNGCheniere EnergyCVXChevronCLFCleveland-CliffsCOPConocoPhillipsXOMExxon MobilFFordFCXFreeport-McMoRanGEGE AerospaceGEVGE VernovaGDGeneral DynamicsGMGeneral MotorsHONHoneywellHYMTFHyundai MotorLMTLockheed MartinNOCNorthrop GrummanNUENucorRTXRTX

Confidence: high · Policy alerts

Key directives

  • Impose 10% ad valorem duty on softwood timber and lumber (Annex I)
  • Impose 25% ad valorem duty on upholstered wooden products (Annex I), increasing to 30% January 1, 2026
  • Impose 25% ad valorem duty on kitchen cabinets/vanities and parts (Annex I), increasing to 50% January 1, 2026
  • Cap UK wood product tariffs at 10%
  • Cap EU and Japan wood product tariffs at 15% total (including Column 1 Duty Rate)
  • Remove Chapter 44 HTSUS provisions from Annex II of EO 14257 effective October 14, 2025, with exceptions
  • Trade Representative to pursue/continue negotiations and provide updates
  • Secretary to establish process for adding additional wood products to tariffs
  • Secretary to establish process for determining undervaluation threat and imposing specific/compound/mixed tariffs
  • Secretary to provide hardwood timber/lumber update by October 1, 2026

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Proclamation issued September 29, 2025
  • CBP and Commerce to prepare implementation

Near term (90d)

  • Tariffs take effect October 14, 2025
  • Trade Representative update due before January 1, 2026
  • Second Trade Representative update due no later than March 28, 2026 (180 days from signing)

Long term

  • Duty rate increases to 30%/50% on January 1, 2026
  • Secretary of Commerce report due October 1, 2026 on hardwood timber/lumber
  • Potential additional duties on hardwood products after October 1, 2026 review

Risks & tensions

  • Escalating tariff rates (25% to 50% on cabinets) may trigger significant price shocks and supply chain disruption in housing/construction
  • Negotiation deadline (180 days) creates pressure for rapid trade deals; failure could lock in higher rates
  • Cap for EU/Japan at 15% creates two-tier system that may anger other trading partners or invite circumvention
  • Broad delegation to Secretary to add products creates regulatory uncertainty for importers
  • Undervaluation authority (specific/compound/mixed tariffs) could complicate customs administration and invite disputes
  • Interaction with multiple existing tariff programs (EO 14257, 14323, 14329, Proclamation 10908) creates complex compliance matrix
  • National security framing of timber/lumber may be challenged as stretching Section 232 purpose
Proclamation 10976: Adjusting Imports of Timber, Lumber, and Their Derivative Products Into the United States · Executive Orders