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DetDeterminationClinton · D Quiet signal

Presidential Determination

Presidential Determination on the Proposed Agreement for Cooperation Between the Government of the United States of America and the Swiss Federal Council Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

President Clinton approved a proposed nuclear cooperation agreement with Switzerland under Section 123b of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, determining it would promote and not unreasonably risk U.S. common defense and security. The determination authorizes the Secretaries of State and Energy to arrange for the agreement's execution and requires publication in the Federal Register.

Federal Register Open PDF 62 FR 55139

Impact dates

  1. Federal Register publication

Key directives

  • Approve proposed U.S.-Switzerland nuclear cooperation agreement
  • Authorize Secretaries of State and Energy to arrange execution
  • Direct Secretary of State to publish determination in Federal Register

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Determination signed and approved
  • Authorization for execution arranged

Near term (90d)

  • Agreement execution by Switzerland and U.S.
  • Federal Register publication required

Long term

  • Implementation of nuclear cooperation terms
  • Technology transfer and safeguards oversight
  • Potential reactor fuel/services trade

Risks & tensions

  • Non-proliferation safeguards implicit but not detailed in text
  • Congressional review period under Atomic Energy Act not mentioned; 30-day continuous session review typically applies to 123 agreements
  • Uncertainty about specific nuclear materials/technologies covered
Presidential Determination: Presidential Determination on the Proposed Agreement for Cooperation Between the Government of the United States of America and the Swiss Federal Council Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy · Executive Orders