ExecutiveOrdersEO
DetDeterminationG.W. Bush · R Quiet signal

Presidential Determination

Proposed Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Russian Federation for Cooperation in the Field of Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

President Bush approved a proposed U.S.-Russia agreement for peaceful nuclear energy cooperation under Section 123b of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, finding it promotes common defense and security without unreasonable risk. The Secretary of State is authorized to execute the agreement and publish this determination in the Federal Register.

Federal Register Open PDF 73 FR 27719

Impact dates

  1. Federal Register publication

Key directives

  • Approve proposed U.S.-Russia peaceful nuclear cooperation agreement
  • Authorize Secretary of State to arrange for agreement execution
  • Authorize Secretary of State to publish determination in Federal Register

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Presidential approval of proposed agreement
  • Authorization for Secretary of State to arrange execution

Near term (90d)

  • Federal Register publication of determination

Long term

  • Potential implementation of U.S.-Russia peaceful nuclear cooperation framework

Risks & tensions

  • Timing during period of complex U.S.-Russia relations; later suspended by Obama administration in 2014 after Russia's annexation of Crimea
  • Nuclear cooperation with Russia carries inherent nonproliferation and geopolitical sensitivities despite 'peaceful uses' framing
Presidential Determination: Proposed Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Russian Federation for Cooperation in the Field of Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy · Executive Orders