ExecutiveOrdersEO
EO 13460Executive OrderG.W. Bush · R Quiet signal

Executive Order 13460

Blocking Property of Additional Persons in Connection With the National Emergency With Respect to Syria

This executive order expands U.S. sanctions against Syria by authorizing the Treasury Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of State, to block the property of Syrian government officials and others involved in public corruption. It also amends a prior Syria sanctions order (EO 13338) to explicitly cover actions undermining stabilization efforts in Iraq.

Federal Register Open PDF 73 FR 8991

Impact dates

  1. Executive agencies to take all appropriate measures within their authority to carry out order provisions

  2. Treasury Secretary to take actions including promulgation of rules and regulations to carry out order purposes

Key directives

  • Secretary of Treasury, after consultation with Secretary of State, to determine persons responsible for or benefiting from public corruption by senior Syrian officials
  • Block all property and interests in property of designated persons in U.S. or under U.S. person control
  • Prohibit contributions, provision of funds/goods/services to or from designated persons
  • Amend EO 13338 Section 3(a)(iv) to cover undermining Iraq stabilization efforts
  • Prohibit evasion, avoidance, or conspiracy to violate order prohibitions
  • Prohibit donations of type specified in IEEPA section 203(b)(2) to designated persons
  • Waive prior notice requirement for designated persons with constitutional U.S. presence
  • Secretary of Treasury authorized to promulgate rules and regulations to implement order

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Blocking of property and interests in property takes effect upon designation by Treasury Secretary
  • Prior notice requirement waived for designated persons with constitutional presence in U.S.

Near term (90d)

  • Treasury Secretary to promulgate implementing rules and regulations
  • Executive agencies to take appropriate measures to carry out order provisions

Long term

  • Ongoing sanctions enforcement and designations
  • Potential expansion of designated persons list based on corruption findings

Risks & tensions

  • No explicit calendar deadline for Treasury to issue implementing regulations—timing discretionary
  • Broad delegation to Treasury Secretary with consultation requirement to State creates interagency coordination dependency
  • Prior notice waiver (Section 6) raises due process concerns for designated persons with U.S. presence
  • Definition of 'public corruption' and 'improper advantage' not further specified—implementation risk of overbreadth or selective application
  • Amendment to EO 13338 may expand scope of existing sanctions program beyond original congressional authorization intent
Executive Order 13460: Blocking Property of Additional Persons in Connection With the National Emergency With Respect to Syria · Executive Orders