ExecutiveOrdersEO
Notice 12957NoticeG.W. Bush · R Quiet signal

Presidential Notice 12957

Continuation of the National Emergency With Respect to Iran

President George W. Bush continued for one year the national emergency with respect to Iran originally declared in 1995 under Executive Order 12957, citing Iran's continued support for terrorism, efforts to undermine Middle East peace, and weapons of mass destruction programs. This annual renewal under the National Emergencies Act maintains existing sanctions authorities and is distinct from the separate Iran emergency dating to 1979.

Federal Register Open PDF 68 FR 12563

Impact dates

  1. Continued national emergency expires unless renewed again

Key directives

  • Continue national emergency with respect to Iran for 1 year beyond March 15, 2003
  • Publish notice in Federal Register
  • Transmit notice to Congress

Timeline

Immediate

  • National emergency continues in effect beyond March 15, 2003
  • Sanctions authorities under EO 12957, 12959, and 13059 remain active

Near term (90d)

  • Federal Register publication
  • Congressional transmission

Long term

  • Emergency remains in effect through March 15, 2004 unless renewed again

Risks & tensions

  • Perpetual emergency status normalizes extraordinary executive authorities
  • Distinguishing this 1995 emergency from the 1979 emergency suggests complex, layered sanctions architecture
Presidential Notice 12957: Continuation of the National Emergency With Respect to Iran · Executive Orders