ExecutiveOrdersEO
DetDeterminationG.W. Bush · R

Presidential Determination

Determination on Export-Import Bank Support for U.S. Exports to Iraq

President Bush certified to Congress that it is in the national interest for the Export-Import Bank to provide financing support for U.S. exports to Iraq, invoking authority under the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945. The Secretary of State was directed to report this determination to Congress with justification and publish it in the Federal Register.

Federal Register Open PDF 68 FR 52679

Impact dates

  1. Report determination to Congress and publish in Federal Register

Key directives

  • Determine and certify to Congress that Export-Import Bank support for U.S. exports to Iraq is in the national interest
  • Report determination to Congress
  • Provide copies of justification explaining basis for determination
  • Publish determination in the Federal Register

Who is ordered

Timeline

Immediate

  • Determination takes effect upon signing
  • Secretary of State directed to report to Congress and publish in Federal Register

Near term (90d)

—

Long term

  • Export-Import Bank financing support for Iraq exports enabled going forward

Risks & tensions

  • Timing during early Iraq occupation period (August 2003) links financing to post-war reconstruction context
  • Justification basis not disclosed in document text—substance of national interest claim is opaque
Presidential Determination: Determination on Export-Import Bank Support for U.S. Exports to Iraq · Executive Orders